Adapting to Keelung’s Seismic and Typhoon Fire Safety Codes Under CNS 11227
Keelung’s geographical position in a high-seismicity zone and its exposure to frequent typhoons impose unique demands on passive fire protection systems. Local building codes, particularly Article 76 of the Taiwan Building Technical Regulations, mandate that fire-resisting glazing used in escape routes and fire compartments must maintain its integrity during structural movement. To address this, Antifires designs assemblies that undergo rigorous testing under CNS 11227, which evaluates fire resistance alongside simulated dynamic pressure cycling. These tests are crucial for verifying that fire door systems and glazed partitions can withstand the lateral forces induced by seismic events or wind loads without compromising their fire barrier function. The integration of flexible ceramic wool within expansion gaps (3mm to 5mm) and the use of G.M.S. hollow steel frames allow for controlled deflection—up to 38mm in standard tests—while preserving the assembly’s integrity. This engineering approach ensures that the glazing remains a reliable barrier, even when the surrounding building structure experiences movement. For Keelung’s hillside projects, where soil conditions can amplify seismic waves, this adaptability is a non-negotiable safety feature.
Selecting Fire Rated Glass Performance Grades for Keelung’s Humid Marine Climate
The humid marine climate of Keelung accelerates corrosion and challenges the durability of fire-rated assemblies. Selecting the correct performance grade is essential, particularly for hillside residential projects where fire doors and windows must resist wind-driven rain while providing a 60-minute fire resistance (f60) rating. Antifires addresses this by offering steel frames with hot-dip galvanized finishes and intumescent seals that comply with CNS 12514 for smoke leakage control. The table below outlines key performance characteristics for common applications in Keelung:
| Application | Fire Rating | Key Feature for Marine Climate |
| Hillside Residential Windows | E60 (Integrity) | Corrosion-resistant steel frame with ceramic tape seals |
| Port Terminal Partitions | EI60 (Integrity + Insulation) | Multi-layer glass with intumescent gel to prevent thermal bridging |
| Escape Route Doors | EI30 (Integrity + Insulation) | Intumescent fire seals (20mm x 4mm) for smoke and moisture resistance |
These assemblies are tested under ambient conditions of 27°C to 36°C with high relative humidity (up to 90%), replicating Keelung’s real-world environment. The use of multi-layer composite glass, such as the 28mm EI60 panel (6mm + 5.5mm gel + 5mm + 5.5mm gel + 6mm), ensures that insulation performance (average temperature rise ≤140°C) is maintained even in damp conditions, preventing condensation-related degradation of the fire gel.
Building Applications: Keelung Port Terminals and Hillside Residential Projects
Keelung’s built environment presents two dominant project types: port terminals and hillside residential complexes. For port terminals, which handle high volumes of cargo and passengers, fire-rated assemblies must compartmentalize large open spaces while resisting the corrosive salt-laden air. Antifires provides fire partition solutions that achieve up to 120 minutes of integrity and insulation (EI120), using 50mm or 54mm ultra-high-performance multi-layer glass. These systems are installed with M8 anchor bolts spaced at 300mm to 600mm intervals, ensuring stability in high-traffic zones. In hillside residential projects, where buildings are often terraced into slopes, fire-rated doors and windows must integrate with complex egress routes. For instance, a 26mm glazed door glass (5mm + 5.5mm gel + 5mm + 5.5mm gel + 5mm) provides up to 90 minutes of integrity and 68 minutes of insulation, allowing safe evacuation during a fire while withstanding typhoon wind loads. The use of intumescent seals expands under heat to block smoke and flames, a critical feature for stairwells serving multiple floors. Each installation is backed by detailed deflection data (maximum 152mm toward furnace in tests) to ensure compatibility with Keelung’s structural dynamics.
Why Antifires is the Preferred Fire Protection Partner for Keelung’s Building Industry
Antifires distinguishes itself in Keelung’s market through a combination of certified performance, localized engineering support, and adherence to both CNS and international standards. The company’s products are tested under BS EN 1634-1 and BS 476 Part 22, providing a verifiable track record of integrity and insulation performance. For example, the 10mm FPOS glass achieves 135 minutes of integrity, while the 28mm EI60 panel delivers 66 minutes of integrity and 64 minutes of insulation—data that directly supports compliance with Article 76 requirements. Beyond test data, Antifires offers on-site consultation for installation, ensuring that ceramic wool (density 210 kg/m³) and intumescent seals are correctly applied to prevent thermal bridging. The company also provides project references for similar port and hillside developments, demonstrating a deep understanding of Keelung’s regulatory landscape. By prioritizing both fire safety and structural resilience, Antifires remains a trusted partner for building professionals seeking reliable, code-compliant passive fire protection.